Key Components of Generators
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Rotor: The rotating part of the generator that creates the magnetic field. In AC generators, the rotor is usually an electromagnet or a set of permanent magnets.
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Stator: The stationary part of the generator that contains the coils or windings where the electrical current is induced. In AC generators, the stator produces the output current.
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Commutator (in DC generators): A mechanical switch that reverses the direction of current in the windings, ensuring a unidirectional output current.
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Field Windings: Electromagnetic coils used to create the magnetic field in the rotor. In some generators, the field windings are replaced by permanent magnets.
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Armature: The component that contains the conductors or windings through which the induced current flows. In AC generators, the armature is part of the stator.
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Exciter: A small generator that provides the initial current needed to energize the field windings of the main generator. It is used in larger generators to ensure proper operation.
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Voltage Regulator: A device that controls the output voltage of the generator by adjusting the excitation current supplied to the field windings.
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Cooling System: Generators produce heat during operation, and a cooling system (such as air or water cooling) is necessary to maintain optimal operating temperatures.